What is a Primary Source?
- Primary sources provide first-hand testimony or direct evidence created by participants or observers of a historical event or time period.
- Often, these materials are created at the time when the events or conditions occurred.
However, primary sources can also include autobiographies, memoirs and oral histories that are written or recorded later.
- Primary sources are characterized by their content, not their format. Therefore, primary sources can be found:
- in their original form (the actual paper copy of the Declaration of Independence)
- published books (the Declaration of Independence reprinted in a book)
- in some type of digital form (the Declaration of Independence on a website).
- Note: In the Humanities field, "primary sources" often mean the original text of the literature that is being scrutinized.
In the Science field, "primary sources" often mean the original scholarly journal article in which a particular scientific study was published.
- Diaries or journals
- Letters or other manuscripts
- Speeches, interviews and oral histories
- Memoirs and autobiographies
- Photographs
- Sound recordings
- Video or motion picture recordings
- Published materials from that time period (books, magazine and/or newspaper articles)
- Government documents (census records, laws, court decisions)
- Political cartoons
- Original documents produced in association with the event (pamphlets, menus...etc.)
- Objects and artifacts (bumper stickers, buttons from political elections...etc.)
Thomas Sandby, ‘View of Beaufort Buildings looking towards the Strand’ (c.1765). © British Museum, Crace XVII.65
London History - London, 1715-1760 - Central Criminal Court (oldbaileyonline.org)
London History - London, 1715-1760 - Central Criminal Court (oldbaileyonline.org)
Find 5 images that are primary sources
Use the referencing online program to reference the image
For each image describe what the image tells us about life in London at the time. What can we deduce from the source ? What do we notice ? 3-5 sentences ( approx 50-100 words )
Use the referencing online program to reference the image
For each image describe what the image tells us about life in London at the time. What can we deduce from the source ? What do we notice ? 3-5 sentences ( approx 50-100 words )
Chronological order
Place your images in chronological order ( earliest to latest )
Create a timeline with the images that includes the dates of each image
Add the following images to that list
What differences do you note between the different time periods.
Using Conjunctive Adverbs to compare
Complete List Of Conjunctive Adverbs
- Accordingly
- Additionally
- Also
- Anyway
- Besides
- Besides
- Certainly
- Comparatively
- Consequently
- Conversely
- Conversely
- Elsewhere
- Equally
- Finally
- Further
- Furthermore
- Hence
- Henceforth
- However
- In addition
- In comparison
- In contrast
- Incidentally
- Incidentally
- Indeed
- Instead
- Likewise
- Meanwhile
- Moreover
- Namely
- Nevertheless
- Next
- Nonetheless
- Now
- Otherwise
- Rather
- Regardless
- Similarly
- Still
- Subsequently
- Then
- Thereafter
- Therefore
- Thus
- Undoubtedly
- Yet
Use these adverbs to complete these sentences comparing the following two primary sources
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The houses in 1600 appear small, wide and two to three stories high .............................................the houses in the late 1800's are taller, closer together and much higher.
The streets in 1600 wide and have enough room for several horse and carts..................................the roads in the 1800s are..........................................
There appear to be only a few people in the streets in the 1600's .........................................................the streets in the 1800's are ....................................................
HISTORICAL RECOUNT ASSIGNMENT
Using the primary sources and other information you have gathered write a historical recount of how life in London has changed. It should be approximately 200 words
Introduction - explain some background about the Industrial revolution and why people moved. Introduce the three time periods you will be talking ( before industrialisation, during, and after ) 50words ( 5 sentences approx)
Paragraph one - what was london like before Industrial Revolution, use the photos to explain what it looked like - you can also include other reference material as well 50 words
Paragraph two - how did london change during the industrial revolution. Use the photos to draw comparisons with how London looked before Industrial revolution 50 words
Paragraph three - how has London continued to change into modern day. Use modern photos to compare with the old photos and point out differences 50 words
Conclusion - explain the key differences in how london looked before IR and after.
Assessment - structure - use of conjunctive adverbs
Introduction - explain some background about the Industrial revolution and why people moved. Introduce the three time periods you will be talking ( before industrialisation, during, and after ) 50words ( 5 sentences approx)
Paragraph one - what was london like before Industrial Revolution, use the photos to explain what it looked like - you can also include other reference material as well 50 words
Paragraph two - how did london change during the industrial revolution. Use the photos to draw comparisons with how London looked before Industrial revolution 50 words
Paragraph three - how has London continued to change into modern day. Use modern photos to compare with the old photos and point out differences 50 words
Conclusion - explain the key differences in how london looked before IR and after.
Assessment - structure - use of conjunctive adverbs
Example of recount - intro and first paragraph
